ADTS全称是(Audio Data Transport Stream)，是AAC的一种十分常见的传输格式。
ADTS内容及结构
一般情况下ADTS的头信息都是7个字节，分为2部分：
adts_fixed_header();
adts_variable_header();
syntax
adts_fixed_header(){
syncword; 12 bslbf
ID; 1 bslbf
layer;2 uimsbf
protection_absent;1 bslbf
profile;2 uimsbf
sampling_frequency_index;4 uimsbf
private_bit;1 bslbf
channel_configuration;3 uimsbf
original_copy;1 bslbf
home;1 bslbf
}
syncword ：同步头 总是0xFFF, all bits must be 1，代表着一个ADTS帧的开始
ID：MPEG Version: 0 for MPEG-4, 1 for MPEG-2
Layer：always: '00'
profile：表示使用哪个级别的AAC，有些芯片只支持AAC LC 。在MPEG-2 AAC中定义了3种：
0:Main profile
1:Low Complexity profile(LC)
2:Scalable sampling Rate Profile(SSR)
3:Reserved
sampling_frequency_index：表示使用的采样率下标，通过这个下标在 Sampling Frequencies[ ]数组中查找得知采样率的值。
There are 13 supported frequencies:
0: 96000 Hz
1: 88200 Hz
2: 64000 Hz
3: 48000 Hz
4: 44100 Hz
5: 32000 Hz
6: 24000 Hz
7: 22050 Hz
8: 16000 Hz
9: 12000 Hz
10: 11025 Hz
11: 8000 Hz
12: 7350 Hz
13: Reserved
14: Reserved
15: frequency is written explictly
channel_configuration: 表示声道数
0: Defined in AOT Specifc Config
1: 1 channel: front-center
2: 2 channels: front-left, front-right
3: 3 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right
4: 4 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right, back-center
5: 5 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right, back-left, back-right
6: 6 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right, back-left, back-right, LFE-channel
7: 8 channels: front-center, front-left, front-right, side-left, side-right, back-left, back-right, LFE-channel
8-15: Reserved
syntax
adts_variable_header(){
copyright_identiflaction_bit;1 bslbf
copyright_identification_start;1 bslbf
acc_frame_length;13 bslbf;
adts_buffer_fullness; 11 bslbf
number_of_raw_data_blocks_in_frame;2 uimsfb
}
frame_length : 一个ADTS帧的长度包括ADTS头和AAC原始流.
adts_buffer_fullness：0x7FF 说明是码率可变的码流
下面是来自一个国外网站的介绍。http://wiki.multimedia.cx/index.php?title=ADTS 个人觉得这个网站的这个表结构的说明更加的形象一些。很好理解。1byte = 8 bits ， 每个字段占用多少bits，各个字段的意义。
Audio Data Transport Stream (ADTS) is a format, used by MPEG TS or Shoutcast to stream audio, usually AAC.
Structure
AAAAAAAA AAAABCCD EEFFFFGH HHIJKLMM MMMMMMMM MMMOOOOO OOOOOOPP (QQQQQQQQ QQQQQQQQ)
Header consists of 7 or 9 bytes (without or with CRC).
Letter Length (bits) Description
A 12 syncword 0xFFF, all bits must be 1
B 1 MPEG Version: 0 for MPEG-4, 1 for MPEG-2
C 2 Layer: always 0
D 1 protection absent, Warning, set to 1 if there is no CRC and 0 if there is CRC
E 2 profile, the MPEG-4 Audio Object Type minus 1
F 4 MPEG-4 Sampling Frequency Index (15 is forbidden)
G 1 private stream, set to 0 when encoding, ignore when decoding
H 3 MPEG-4 Channel Configuration (in the case of 0, the channel configuration is sent via an inband
PCE)
I 1 originality, set to 0 when encoding, ignore when decoding
J 1 home, set to 0 when encoding, ignore when decoding
K 1 copyrighted stream, set to 0 when encoding, ignore when decoding
L 1 copyright start, set to 0 when encoding, ignore when decoding
M 13 frame length, this value must include 7 or 9 bytes of header length: FrameLength =
(ProtectionAbsent == 1 ? 7 : 9) + size(AACFrame)
O 11 Buffer fullness
P 2 Number of AAC frames (RDBs) in ADTS frame minus 1, for maximum compatibility always use 1 AAC frame
per ADTS frame
Q 16 CRC if protection absent is 0
Usage in MPEG-TS
ADTS packet must be a content of PES packet. Pack AAC data inside ADTS frame, than pack inside PES packet, then mux
by TS packetizer.
Usage in Shoutcast
ADTS frames goes one by one in TCP stream. Look for syncword, parse header and look for next syncword after.
- EOF -
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